Solanum carolinense

Solanum carolinense, the Carolina horsenettle,[2] is not a true nettle, but a member of the Solanaceae, or nightshade family.

It is a perennial herbaceous plant, native to the southeastern United States, though its range has expanded throughout much of temperate North America.

Leaves are alternate, elliptic-oblong to oval, 6 to 11 centimetres (2+1⁄2 to 4+1⁄2 inches) long, and each is irregularly lobed or coarsely toothed.

[8] These plants can be found growing in pastures, roadsides, railroad margins, and in disturbed areas and waste ground.

At least thirty-two insects, as well as the meadow vole Microtus pennsylvanicus, have been recorded feeding on this species in Virginia alone.

[12] These two beetles are its two primary herbivores, and can reduce fruit production by as much as 75% relative to plants protected from all insects.

The fungus Rhizoctonia solani was found causing root rot, particularly under wet conditions in plants damaged by trampling.

[13] Fruits are eaten by a variety of native animals, including ring-necked pheasant, bobwhite, wild turkey, and striped skunk.

It is an especially despised weed by gardeners who hand-weed, as the prickles tend to penetrate the skin and then break off when the plant is grasped.

Flowers
Ripe Fruit
False potato beetle larvae consuming horsenettle. The leaves contain embedded leaf prickles that extend through the leaf protecting it from many herbivores.
Flower
Stem