Member State of the Arab League The national constitution lays out the basic way in which the government is to operate.

According to Article 97 of the constitution, most executive powers of the Somali government are vested in the Council of Ministers.

[2] The Federal Parliament of Somalia elects the President and Prime Minister and has the authority to pass and veto laws.

It also selects and presents potential Constitutional Court judges to the House of the People of the Federal Parliament for approval.

In March 2023, the federal government established the National Identification and Registration Authority, whose mandates includes developing a National Identification Number, designed to streamline administrative processes, enhance security, and mitigate fraud and corruption by verifying identities in both digital and in-person transactions.

[14] The central government's Ministry of Defence is officially responsible for the Somali Armed Forces and its various subdivisions.

It occupies the country's seat in the United Nations, the African Union, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).

Ethiopia maintains an embassy in Mogadishu,[16] and consulates in Hargeisa in the self-declared Republic of Somaliland[17] and Garowe in Puntland.

[23][24] Italy maintains a special diplomatic delegation and a Technical Mission to Mogadishu and is scheduled to re-open its embassy in the city.

[26] In January 2013, the United States announced that it was set to exchange diplomatic notes with the new central government of Somalia, re-establishing official ties with the country for the first time in 20 years.