The National Party, led by B. J. Vorster won a landslide victory in the House of Assembly.

The newly formed Progressive Federal Party, led by Colin Eglin became the official opposition.

In the 1977 elections, the National Party received its best-ever result with support of 65% of the vote and (after a by-election) 135 seats in parliament out of 165.

The members of the House of Assembly were elected in single-member constituencies via first-past-the-post voting.

Due to the death of the National Party candidate in the Springs constituency, one seat was left vacant until a by-election was held, which was won by the NP.