T. curvirostris is widely distributed across the Indo-West Pacific, from East Africa and the Red Sea to Japan and Australia.

[3] T. curvirostris can be distinguished from similar species that occur in the same areas (such as Megokris sedili and Megokris granulosus) by the form of the petasma and thelycum (male and female reproductive structures), and by the colouration of the uropods; these are red or reddish brown, with conspicuous white margins in T. curvirostris, but yellowish with grey or brown margins and centre in M. sedili, and red or reddish brown with golden margins in M. granulosus.

[3] The biology of T. curvirostris is poorly known; in the waters around Korea, mating takes place in June, July and August.

The body is now differentiated into a cephalothorax and an abdomen, bears several thoracic appendages, and the larva now begins to ingest food.

[5] In this stage, the pleopods (swimmerets; abdominal appendages) become functional, and the animal closely resembles the adult form.

[3] Worldwide, T. curvirostris is one of the five most important single species targeted by shrimp and prawn fisheries, with most of the harvest being landed in China.

[9] In 1901, Alcock erected a new genus Trachypeneus[10] (later emended to Trachypenaeus after a petition to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature by Lipke Holthuis).