Soviet integrated circuit designation

25 years after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, a number of manufacturers in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Latvia, and Uzbekistan still use this designation.

[1][15] Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the standards were not as strictly enforced, and a number of manufacturers introduced manufacturer-specific designations again.

However, integrated circuits for military, aerospace, and nuclear applications in Russia still have to follow the standard designation.

Also as a consequence of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, COCOM restrictions were lifted and Russian integrated circuit design firms gained access to foundries abroad.

Other manufacturers which as of 2016 used a version of the Soviet integrated circuit designation include NTC Module,[56] MCST,[57] ELVEES Multicore,[58] Fizika,[59] Sapfir,[60] NPK TTs,[61] and Progress,[62] all of them in Moscow, as well as PKK Milandr,[63] Soyuz,[64] and NIITAP in Zelenograd,[65] SKTB ES Voronezh,[66] Proton[67] and Proton-Impuls[68] Oryol, Planeta Novgorod,[69] NIIEMP Penza,[70] Eltom Tomilino,[71] Krip Tekhno Alexandrov,[72] DELS Minsk,[73] Kvazar Kyiv,[74] Krystal Kyiv,[16] Elektronni Komponenti Ivano-Frankivsk,[75] Dnepr Kherson,[76] and Foton Tashkent.

[77] Although not strictly part of the designation, a number of markings are often found on integrated circuit packages:[78][14] Military acceptance here means that the integrated circuit can be used in applications where its failure would be catastrophic and where repair or exchange is difficult or impossible (e.g. aerospace applications).

In the early 1970s the date code consisted of a Roman numeral for the month and a two-digit year (e.g. IX 72).

Fortunately, the Soviet integrated circuit designation uses a subset of the Cyrillic alphabet where only a few letters are ambiguous: The more-common romanizations in bold are given as alternatives in the above tables.