During the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), the Ukrainian Cossacks participated on the side of the Spanish-Portuguese Catholic alliance against the Protestant coalition supported by the Tsardom of Russia and the Ottoman Empire.

[1] Spanish nationalists led by Franco were supported by former soldiers of Ukrainian People's Republic who lost their homeland in the fight against communism.

[8] On 21 February 2022, Sánchez "condemned" the Russian recognition of LPR and DPR, promising a coordinated response alongside Spain's partners.

[11] The Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration enabled reception, attention and relocation centres (CREADE) for Ukrainian refugees in Pozuelo de Alarcón, Barcelona, Alicante and Málaga, resolving around 40,000 applications for temporary protection over the course of the first three weeks of the conflict.

[14] On 21 April, Sánchez travelled to Kyiv, meeting with Zelensky and announcing the dispatch of the largest batch of weapons to Ukraine to date, with over 200 tonnes of military hardware in route to Poland in the Ysabel (A-06) [es] ship.

Both quantitatively reduced exports and imports represent a small percentage of Spain's total foreign trade.