Battle of Thermopylae in popular culture

[4] Glover's poem uses the story to exemplify the proper virtues of a good monarch.

[5] Several stage plays about the battle were produced during the French Revolution, including the 1794 play Le Combat de Thermopyles, ou l'école des guerriers by Joseph Marie Loaisel de Tréogate [fr] and the 1799 play Léonidas, ou le départ des Spartiates by René-Charles Guilbert de Pixérécourt.

[7] German poet Theodor Körner referenced Thermopylae to inspire his fellow countrymen to fight against Napoleon in the 1812 poem Auf dem Schlachtfelde von Aspern.

[8] Thermopylae was often invoked as an example to be emulated in the lead-up to the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire, for example in the 1798 hymn Thourios [el] by Rigas Feraios.

[11] The 1998 novel Gates of Fire by Steven Pressfield is unusual in depicting the battle as gruesome rather than glorious.