It is distinguishable from other forms of cerebral palsy in that those afflicted with the condition display stiff, jerky movements stemming from hypertonia of the muscles.

[2] Although the arms and legs of patients are often stiff, the neck is usually limp due to the lack of voluntary muscle control.

Spastic quadriplegia can be caused by a condition known as periventricular leukomalacia which results in the formation of lesions and holes in the white matter of the brain.

[citation needed] Prior to the 26th week of maturation, the fetal brain is particularly susceptible to various toxins whose effects can ultimately hinder normal development.

[3] A difference in blood types between the mother and the fetus can also initiate a problematic immune response and cause brain damage.

Severe jaundice, can also lead to brain damage and spastic quadriplegia due to a buildup of bilirubin in the blood.

This lack of oxygen can be the result of placenta malfunction, womb rupture, umbilical cord damage, low maternal blood pressure or asphyxia during labor and delivery.

[4] Children who experienced many complications during birth, such as, prematurity, insufficient oxygen, low birthweight, aspiration, head injury, or bleeding in the brain have a greater risk of developing spastic quadriplegia.

[7] While a diagnosis may be able to be made shortly after birth based on family history and observation of the infant, it is often postponed until after the child is between 18–24 months old in order to monitor the possible regression or progression of symptoms.