Special Assault Team

[4] The Tokyo unit was nicknamed SAP (Special Armed Police), and it was recognized as the official name around 1982 and the flag was awarded.

[5] Several SAP officers were sent to West Germany to be trained by GSG-9 operators due to their experience in resolving the hijacking of Lufthansa Flight 181.

[14] In addition to standard service handguns, the SAP units used Heckler & Koch P9S pistols as their main sidearms.

[10] After being reorganized into the SAT, usage of Heckler & Koch USP and Smith & Wesson Model 3913 have been confirmed, there is information that Glock 19, SIG Sauer P226 and Beretta 92 Vertec are adopted.

[4] The first units stood up in the 1970s had its operators forced to initially purchase tactical equipment with their own money through mail-in ads in military magazines.

[11] As the SWAT ability of other departments improved, the SAT became the "last ditch" of the Security Bureau of the National Police Agency, and opportunities to conduct direct domestic action decreased.

[18] This incident marked the first time that the Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces cooperated with the SAP by providing Kawasaki C-1 aircraft as means of transportation from Haneda Airport.

[11][20][21] Due to the self-defense requirements as stipulated in the Law Concerning Execution of Duties of Police Officials, it took more than 15 hours for the hostage crisis to end.

[24] According to the NPA, the presence of American troops and the region's geography were taken into consideration in creating a unit to be stationed there, especially after Al-Qaeda had made terrorist threats against Japan in the past.

[24] In May 2007, in a hostage crisis case in Nagoya, an ex-yakuza gangster named Hisato Obayashi (大林 久人) was captured after he killed Kazuho Hayashi (林 一歩), an Aichi SAT operative.

[25] Prior to shooting Hayashi, Obayashi shot a uniformed officer who was called in to respond to a domestic violence incident at 4 in the afternoon.

[31] On December 14, 2007, a shooting spree occurred at the Renaissance Sports Club in Sasebo, Nagasaki, when Masayoshi Magome used a shotgun to kill two persons and wound six others.

[34] On February 9, 2015, Japanese media suggested that the SAT can potentially be dispatched to work alongside officers from the Terrorism Response Team-Tactical Wing for Overseas.

[38] When Volodymyr Zelenskyy visited Japan during the 49th G7 summit, SAT operators participated as part of his protection detail in consideration of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

SAT operators disembarking from an armored vehicle and preparing to enter a structure
An SAT operator aiming a Heckler & Koch MP5