In human anatomy, the splenic artery or lienal artery, an older term, is the blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the spleen.

It branches from the celiac artery, and follows a course superior to the pancreas.

Note that the branches of the splenic artery do not reach all the way to the lower part of the greater curvature of the stomach.

The splenic artery passes between the layers of the lienorenal ligament.

Risk factors include smoking and hypertension.