Springfield began in the 18th century at one of the northernmost points considered to be navigable on the Natalbany River.

Between Springfield and Lake Maurepas, Ponchatoula Creek joins the Natalbany and increases its flow.

By 1810 Springfield was one of the areas of interest in the rebellion against Spain, which produced the short-lived Republic of West Florida.

Bricks from an old Spanish fort can still be found, roughly 200 yards in front of today's post office.

[2] A post office was listed in Springfield, Livingston County (Parish), on October 1, 1846, with Jacob P. Randolph as the postmaster.

[3] In the early part of the 19th century, Peter av Hammerdal (Peter Hammond), eponym of Hammond, Louisiana, came to do business of transporting lumber and other products for ocean-going ships in New Orleans, via the rivers and lakes south of Springfield.

The 1854 completion of the New Orleans, Jackson & Great Northern Railroad (now the Canadian National Railway)—which went through Hammond, Ponchatoula, and Manchac—bypassed Springfield and deprived it of a logistical role.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.4 square miles (3.6 km2), all land.