There are remains of buildings on the original part of Sprogø from the beginning of the 12th century, a fortress built by order of King Valdemar the Great.
During construction work, extensive archaeological investigations were undertaken, and among other findings it was revealed that the first inhabitants arrived more than 8,000 years ago.
The island does not have any permanent population today, but is used by Sund og Bælt, the company that owns and operates the bridges nearby.
Between 1923 and 1961[2] the island was used for containment of women deemed pathologically promiscuous, the main concern being unwanted pregnancies.
The legacy of confinements on Sprogø inspired the fictional plot of the 2018 Danish movie thriller Journal 64.