The Sri Lanka cricket team toured Bangladesh in January and February 2018 to play two Tests and two Twenty20 International (T20I) matches.

[3][4] In December 2017, Shakib Al Hasan was named the new captain of Bangladesh's Test squad, replacing Mushfiqur Rahim.

[13] Sunzamul Islam and Tanbir Hayder were added to Bangladesh's squad for the first Test following the news of Shakib Al Hasan's injury.

[19] Sabbir Rahman was added to Bangladesh's squad ahead of the second Test, with Sunzamul Islam and Rubel Hossain both being dropped.

[9] Ahead of the T20I series, Shakib Al Hasan's finger injury had not yet healed and he said he would be unlikely to play in the matches, despite being named as the captain of Bangladesh's T20I squad.