Other than tea, the rubber, pineapple, wood, betel, and lemon industries also exist in the upazila.

During the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, the Pakistani army reached Sreemangal on 30 April setting houses on fire and committing atrocities against women.

The East Pakistan Rifles camp and Wapda office premises were among the two mass killing sites.

It is bordered by Moulvibazar Sadar to the north, Tripura to the south, Kamalganj to the east and Chunarughat, Nabiganj and Bahubal to the west.

Sreemangal had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 48.33%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1004 females per 1000 males.

[citation needed] Madhobpur Lake is one of the main tourist attractions in the area,[13][14][15] and is home to the Great White-Bellied Heron, the only confirmed site in Bangladesh.

[4] The Jamia Luthfia Anwarul Uloom Hamidnagar is a notable madrasa and Islamic centre in the Sylhet region.