[4] Orhan Cezmi Tuncer argues that the church was not converted into a mosque but rather into a bathhouse, at which time the western section of the building was added for this purpose.
[4] Gertrude Bell believed that the walls are a mix of reused materials from different periods but that its dome was a Muslim construction.
[4] Thomas Alan Sinclair and Elif Keser Kayaalp have suggested that the building may have instead been part of an Artuqid[3] or early Islamic palace.
[3] The former dome, the squinches, and most of the vaults are built in brick, while the supporting arches are made in stone.
[3] The eastern chamber has a longer east-to-west axis and is divided into three parts: the main aisle, covered by the central dome, and two much smaller side aisles, running behind the supporting piers of the central dome and covered by transverse vaults and arches.
[3] The supporting piers on the north and south sides of the oval dome incorporate large columns.