Although there is no evidence of this, it seems that the one who drew up the plan of the cathedral was Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach, the then director of the Imperial Construction Office in Vienna and a very good connoisseur of the Baroque style.

In 1733, Emperor Charles VI moved his seat to Timișoara, at which time Adalbert von Falkenstein [de] was bishop.

After the death of Adalbert von Falkenstein in 1739, Nikolaus Stanislavich [de], who had fled Craiova from the Ottomans, took over as his successor and restarted the construction work, which only reached its peak in the years 1746–1747.

[3] Bishop Franz Anton Engl von Wagrain [de], Stanislavich's successor, vigorously pushed ahead with the construction work on the cathedral in 1751–1752.

[3] On 8 September 1754 (Nativity of Mary) he celebrated the first Holy Mass, even though the completed half of the cathedral was separated from the construction site with a wooden shed.

The High Mass began with the premiere of the Missa in honorem Sanctissimae Trinitatis composed by Michael Haydn for this occasion.

Carl Joseph Römmer proposed some modifications to the cathedral as early as the 18th century, of which only the entrance portico was executed.

[2] The consecrator was Bishop Ladislaus Kőszeghy von Remete [de], a former Jesuit, who will open in 1804 the first Roman Catholic theological seminary in Timișoara.

[9] The main altar was painted by Michelangelo Unterberger, then director of the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts, and its central part is dominated by statues of two cherubs.

[8] The structure of the side altars was made by Timișoara craftsmen Georg Wittmann and Franz Wagner, the necessary materials (marble and wood) being brought from Vienna.