Originally constructed in 1855, it underwent destruction and subsequent reconstruction multiple times during the Qing dynasty.

[2] During the March 31st Incident [zh] in 1927, the Sichuan warlord Liu Xiang opened fire on the locals in Chongqing.

Louis-Gabriel-Xavier Jantzen [fr], the Apostolic Vicar of Chongqing, prayed for the protection of the missionaries and the local Catholics, and willed to renovate the church if they survived the incident.

[2] During the Cultural Revolution, the church was appropriated by Jiangbei District Factory of Automobile Parts (江北区汽车配件厂).

[5] After the 3rd plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, the church was returned to the local Catholic community.

[2] From 2005 to 2008, during the demolition and restructuring of Jiangbei District, the church was relocated to its current site and reconstructed according to its original appearance.

[2][3] On 1 October 2008, Bishop Joseph Ma Yinglin celebrated the opening ceremony of the new church building.

The concelebrants included Paul He Zeqing, the assistant bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Wanxian.

Over 1,000 people attended the ceremony, including Chongqing parishioners, religious sisters, and local officials.

[8] On 28 April 2011, Wang Zuo'an, then the director of the State Administration for Religious Affairs of China, visited the church.

There is also a statue of Matteo Ricci holding his Kunyu Wanguo Quantu world map on the southern side of the courtyard.