Antonio Tagliabue of the Pontifical Institute for Foreign Missions (PIME),[4] bought an extensive plot of land near Chaderghat, in what is now called Gunfoundry (so named for the ammunition centre built there by the Nizam of Hyderabad), to build a school, a church and a convent.

Luigi Malberti (Pontifical Institute for Foreign Missions), took charge in 1872 and completed the main building, which was consecrated and opened for divine worship on Christmas Eve of 1875.

[5][3][2][1] Extensive renovation work was performed on the roof and interior of the structure between 2004 and 2008, making it necessary at one point for Mass to be held in the newly constructed multipurpose hall on the cathedral grounds.

Much of the artwork, including the beautifully carved marble side altars and marble statues of Mother Mary and St Anthony, an antique European oil painting of the Blessed Mother and Christ Child (Madonna and the Child by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo)which was gifted to the cathedral by one of the Nizams, an antique set of the Stations of the Cross in high bas-relief made by European craftsmen, and various other statues, were cleaned and restored at this time.

Extensive construction on the grounds, including the grand entrance stairway from the street to the cathedral, and a large terrace with a multipurpose hall below, was begun in 2001 under the administration of then parish priest, Rev.