The generic epithet is derived from the Greek word σταχυς (stachys), meaning "an ear of grain",[4] and refers to the fact that the inflorescence is often a spike.

The biological form of S. recta is hemicryptophyte scapose, as its overwintering buds are situated just below the soil surface and the floral axis is more or less erect with a few leaves.

The flowers are gathered in a dense terminal spike and are usually yellowish-white, stained by purple or brown spots.

This plant is a sub-Mediterranean floral element and it is widespread from Europe to the Caucasus and Asia Minor.

It prefers calcareous and moderately dry soil, at an altitude of 0–2,100 metres (0–6,890 ft) above sea level.