The stadium was opened in 1925, and is named after the athlete Jean Bouin, the 5000 metre silver medalist from the 1912 Olympics.

Stade Jean-Bouin hosted the semi-finals, third-place match, and final of the 2014 Women's Rugby World Cup.

Since 2018, the Paris Saint-Germain Féminines football team also plays its home matches at Stade Jean-Bouin.

Stade Jean-Bouin hosted the opening ceremony of the 2018 Gay Games written and directed by Rodolph Nasillski.

In February 2025, Ligue 2 side Paris FC announced that they'll play at Stade Jean-Bouin from the 2025-26 season.