South Durham and Lancashire Union Railway

A short section of the line at Kirkby Stephen East station has been restored by the Stainmore Railway Company.

A rival scheme, the Yorkshire & Glasgow Union Railway, left the ECML at Thirsk, crossed the Pennines to Hawes, then Kirkby Stephen, Appleby and so reached Clifton.

However, it would have cost £35,000 to pass through the estate of the Duke of Cleveland between Bishop Auckland and Barnard Castle, and it was a condition of the enabling Act that work on the two lines must be simultaneous.

[2][3] In summer 1850 Henry Bolckow and John Vaughan discovered a seam of iron ore at Eston, North Yorkshire.

By 1851 Derwent Iron had opened a mine in the area and began moving ironstone 54 miles (87 km) to Consett.

[5] In the early 1850s this ore was travelling the long way round via Newcastle and Carlisle from the Barrow-in-Furness area, and Durham coke was returning.

[6] The ceremonial cutting of the first sod for the SD&LUR was at Kirkby Stephen on 25 August 1857, and that for the EVR was at Appleby on 28 July 1858.

[8] Bouch had laid out an economical route that followed the contours and avoided tunnels, but there were formidable gradients up to the 1,370 feet (420 m) high Stainmore Summit.

[13] Kirkby Stephen became a junction station when the EVR opened to mineral traffic on 8 April 1862 and passengers began to be carried on 9 June 1862.

Up to 50 empty wagons could be managed on the return journey, the assisting locomotive then running light from the summit to Barnard Castle.

[28] Local passenger trains were withdrawn between Kirkby Stephen and Tebay on 1 December 1952,[21] although steam-hauled summer Saturday services from the north-east to Blackpool continued to use the route until the end of the 1961 holiday season.

[31] The passenger service was withdrawn on the remaining section of the former SD&LUR between Bishop Auckland and Barnard Castle on 12 June 1962.

[32] In 1963 Dr Beeching published his report "The Reshaping of British Railways", which recommended closing the network's least used stations and lines.

They have re-instated a short section of the former SD&LUR line west of the main station building, which has also been restored by volunteers.

Public passenger services were launched in August 2011 as part of a Stainmore 150 gala, which celebrated 150 years since the SD&LUR was opened.

The viaduct over the Tees Valley in 1858
The seal of the South Durham and Lancashire Union Railway
Snowploughs on the line
Barnard Castle station in 1965, just after closure
Replica Stainmore Summit sign