Polish intellectuals (Czesław Miłosz,[1] Andrzej Walicki,[2] Leszek Kołakowski[3]) have stressed that Brzozowski's interpretations of Marx's early writings, not widely known at the time of their formulation, largely anticipated those presented later by György Lukács and Antonio Gramsci.

He grew up in an impoverished gentry family, but attended private schools, which allowed him to enroll in the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the University of Warsaw in 1896.

During that time he wrote his opus magnum – the novel Płomienie (The Flames) – a response to Demons by Fyodor Dostoyevsky, as well as important books concerning Brzozowski's philosophical and cultural program: Idee.

Wstęp do filozofii dojrzałości dziejowej (Ideas: An introduction to the philosophy of historical maturity) and Legenda Młodej Polski (The legend of Young Poland).

After focusing on Nietzsche, Brzozowski moved closer towards Immanuel Kant, which eventually enabled him to develop his philosophy on the Marxist basis.

Besides providing many vital inspirations, Marxism played a central role in Brzozowski's intellectual development, and for the longest period of his short life he was a Marxist thinker.

[6] Finally, he developed his own philosophical program called the philosophy of labour that emphasized the role of human activity in creating and re-creating the reality.

Since 2002, Brzozowski has been the patron of Krytyka Polityczna (Political Critique), a Polish left-wing intellectual society organized around a journal of the same title founded by Sławomir Sierakowski in 2002.

In 2005, the Stanisław Brzozowski Association was established and became the publisher of the journal and the on-line publication Dziennik Opinii (Opinion Daily).

The association's core idea resembles that of its patron: that intellectuals are public figures who ought to live a socially involved and committed life.