The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is the third-ranked executive department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, which functions as a macroeconomic management agency.

In February 2015, the NDRC completed an investigation into Qualcomm, finding that violated the Anti-Monopoly Law by imposing unreasonable requirements for patent licensing.

[9][10] The rules allow government agencies "to preview, deny and punish foreign investment activities in areas that are deemed as important to national security.

[12] The NDRC is China's main macroeconomic control institution,[13]: 102  as well as the top organization in the State Council in matters related to economic policymaking.

[14] NDRC's responsibility for large infrastructure is intended to prevent the economy from becoming too hot or cold, as well as to address China's overcapacity in production for sectors like aluminum, iron, steel, and energy.

[17] The NDRC's Social Development Division has a planning role in cultural industries including sports, tourism, and mass media.

[14] Officially, the candidate for the chairperson of the NDRC is nominated by the premier of the State Council, who is then approved by the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee and appointed by the president.