State of emergency in Russia (Russian: чрезвычайное положение в Российской Федерации) is a special legal regime that is introduced in the country or its regions to protect against an internal threat.
The state of emergency involves restricting the rights and freedoms of citizens and legal entities, as well as imposing additional duties on them.
On November 9, 1991, President Boris Yeltsin introduced a state of emergency in Chechen-Ingushetia Republic, where Dzhokhar Dudayev signed a decree on declaration of independence of the Chechnya.
[2] On November 2, 1992, Yeltsin introduced a state of emergency in Ingushetia and North Ossetia, where an ethnic conflict erupted.
[5] From October 3 to 4, 1993, Yeltsin introduced a state of emergency in Moscow to suppress protesters against the dispersal of the Supreme Soviet.
[6] A state of emergency is introduced only if circumstances constitute "an immediate threat to the life and security of citizens or the constitutional system of the Russian Federation", including: The presidential decree on introducing a state of emergency does not require prior coordination with the leadership of the constituent entities of the Federation.
The state of emergency is ensured mainly by the internal affairs bodies, the penal system, federal security agencies, the national guard, and rescuers.
In exceptional cases, the military may be used to restrict entry, protect critical infrastructure, separate the warring parties, suppress the activities of illegal armed groups, eliminate emergencies, and save people.