According to Konstantin the Philosopher, Stefan first saw his wife on Lesbos, where Francesco II offered him a choice among his daughters; the marriage was arranged "with the advice and participation" of Helena's sister, Empress Eirene.

On 7 July, three weeks after the battle, Sigismund sent his palatine Nicholas II Garay to negotiate with Vuk Branković about things that are in his and Serbian favor, where he confirmed in advance any agreements that they have achieved.

However, by early May 1390, he felt threatened and he asked the Republic of Ragusa to facilitate his safety, if it comes in a quandary, which could be linked with the Ottoman detachments who helped Stefan during the summer to suppress the Hungarians from their state.

There was recorded in the sources that Vuk attended in formal transfer of Prince Lazar's holy body from his capital Priština to the monastery Ravanica late 1390 and early 1391, and is also known that in his court, during the year 1392, came Princess Milica.

Byzantine sources tell that among the vassals were Stefan, Emperor Manuel II (1391–1425), his nephew John VII (1390) and his brother Theodore I of Morea (r. 1383–1407), and the Serbian lord Constantine Dragaš.

"[12] The Ottoman forces then took over Vidin, and reinforced by Serbian detachments during the summer of 1396 marched into Banat, after attacking the lands of Vuk Branković and conquering a large part of it with Priština.

However, the victory at Rovine sparked a great crusade in which forces from England, France, Germany, and other European countries joined Hungarian king Sigismund and Mircea I with the Venetian fleet, which was to enter the Danube from the Black Sea and support the army on the mainland.

Most of his area was transferred to the control of Stefan Lazarević, a small portion (centered in Vučitrn) was left to his wife Maria and his sons (Đurađ, Grgur and Lazar), while the Ottomans retained strategic locations under their direct rule.

Prince Stefan and his knights, which according to chronicler Duka and several contemporaries, were 5000 heavily armed men with spears, including cavalry,[21] repeatedly attacked the enemy lines to rescue his master Bayezid I from hostile environments.

He eventually succeeded in it, but Bayezid refused to withdraw, after which Stefan took with him his son Süleyman Çelebi and started to retreat towards Bursa under constant attacks of the hordes of Tatars.

The reason for this is unknown, and many later chroniclers, such as Mavro Orbini, claim that Đurađ was planning to join Bayezid I's son Süleyman, who established his rule in the European part of the Ottoman Empire.

The despot's younger brother accused him of ignorance of war casualties and his weak leadership skills, because the bulk of their forces, commanded by Vuk, were defeated in the battle with the army led by Đurađ Branković.

In 1403, Süleyman was in Gallipoli negotiating with several Christian states (Byzantium, Genoa, Venice, Knights Hospitaller and Naxos) in the Balkans to secure an agreement with them and start an offensive against his brothers in Asia Minor.

Stefan needed a strong ally who could help him get rid of Ottoman domination, but also stay on the throne of Serbia, due to an open conflict with Branković, who enjoyed the support of Süleyman.

It was, therefore, necessary for him to rely on a secure southern border, which had previously been constantly exposed to the combined Serbian-Ottoman attacks, while simultaneously trying to provide a strong base for the fight against the Ottomans and eventually expand to the south.

In this opposition became involved Stefan's nephew Balša III (1403–1421) who sought to restore the cities which his father, Đurađ Stracimirović Balšić, once transferred to Venice (1396), to protect from the Ottoman invasion.

At the beginning of 1409, Süleyman's Ottoman forces broke into Serbia at the battlefield of Kosovo and nearby Priština was destroyed, as evidenced by a letter that arrived in February in Dubrovnik, from the merchants of the city.

At the beginning of 1410, Gallipoli was occupied, and by 13 February, were at Süleyman's Yambol, defeating defending beglerbeg Sinan,[20] which has forced his brother to try to return to Europe and deal with Musa.

[23][non-primary source needed] He began his departure following the Golden Horn to the Galatians, but the Byzantine emperor Manuel sent ships to pick him up and carried him to Constantinople,[24] although he was on the side of Süleyman.

Serbian Parliament was sent by Stefan to regulate relations and confirm previous agreements, but not only that he fails, but he barely managed to save their own lives,[23][non-primary source needed] but Musa was given permission to dig up Vuk Lazarević and his remains transferred to Serbia.

[15] At the end of the year, Stefan's sister and the widow of Đurađ II Kotromanić Balšić, Jelena remarried to Sandalj Hranić Kosača after his peace with Sigismund I.

At the same time, Stefan's sister, Mara, linked up with him and on behalf of his son Đurađ, who led his forces in the army of Musa, tried to fix the relations between them and reconcile them, which she succeeded.

Musa forces in the fall of 1411, attacked the town of Selimvria on the Sea of Marmara near Constantinople, in which it had been the son of Süleyman, Orhan, who was the candidate for Byzantine emperor Manuel II Palaiologos for the Ottoman throne.

The answer to this attack came in early 1412 when Musa from around Serdica and Čemernik fell over in Vranje area and looted it, while Uglješa Vlatković, who ruled that part of Serbian Despotate, barely saved himself.

His forces then continued with a march to Novo Brdo, but the news of the arrival of Despot Stefan led, he left Serbia and went to Thessaloniki and Thessaly.The new campaign Musa began in 1413, with an attack on Hamza bey who held the Svrljig and Soko Grad.

He was captured and executed, and Musa forces then occupied Bovan and Lipovac, as well as many other towns in Morava Valley (Koprijan, Kruševac, Markovo Kale, Petrus and Stalać,[25] whose commander was killed heroically providing great resistance.

[23][non-primary source needed] The end of the civil war between the sons of Bayezid I, was the beginning of many years of peace in Serbia, which enabled its further economic and cultural development.

In addition, the Ottoman presence and the failures of the Hungarian army, led the nobility in Bosnia to turn against Sigismund, and one consequence was the decision of the Bosnian Parliament to take Srebrenica from Stefan, but because of the situation that was not possible implemented.

During the short time the life of the founder and monastery coincided (1407–27), so much was achieved in Resava that it remained an important and outstanding monument in the history of Serbian and Slavic culture in general.

The old Byzantine-South Slavonic prophecies (the Revelation of Pseudo-Methodius, the apocryphal Visions of Daniel and the Oracles of Leo the Wise) are usually interpreted Ishmaelite, that is Muslims, conquests as a result of Christian sins.