Stratonicea (Hittite: 𒀜𒊑𒅀 Atriya, Ancient Greek: Στρατoνικεια or Στρατoνικη; or per Stephanus of Byzantium: Στρατονίκεια) – also transliterated as Stratonikeia, Stratoniceia, Stratoniki, and Stratonike and Stratonice; a successor settlement to Chrysaoris;[1] and for a time named Hadrianopolis – was one of the most important towns in the interior of ancient Caria, Anatolia, situated on the east-southeast of Mylasa, and on the south of the river Marsyas; its site is now located at the present village of Eskihisar, Muğla Province, Turkey.

[6][7] According to Strabo, the city was founded by the Seleucid king Antiochus I Soter (281–261 BC), who named it after his wife Stratonice.

According to Athens' tribute "assessment" of 425 BC Idrias was supposed to be responsible for the payment of the considerable sum of six talents.

Like many other non-Greek cities on the 425 BC assessment Idrias is never recorded actually paying any tribute to Athens[10] and was never a member of the Delian League.

The rural sanctuaries of Hekate at Lagina and Zeus at Panamara were absorbed into the territory of Stratonicea when the city was founded, receiving monumental temples at which the Stratoniceans would process to and worship every year.

[15] Then came in 40 BC the siege sustained against Quintus Labienus and his Parthian troops, and the brave resistance it offered to him entitled it to the gratitude of Augustus and the Senate.

[16] The alleged divine intervention against Quintus Labienus by Zeus at Panamara led to the elevation of that sanctuary, in the hinterland of Stratonikeia, to one favoured by the city.

[22]: 290 On a terrace on the hillside south of the theater was a small peripteral temple in the Ionic order, measuring ca.

[22]: 291 Southeast of the gymnasium stands a well-preserved bouleuterion (previously thought to be a temple of Serapis), measuring c. 25 x 30 m, with semicircular rows of seats and a courtyard to the east.

[22]: 293  In front of the nymphaeum was an open square from which a broad colonnaded street, c. 8.70 m wide, continued south to the center of the city.

Only three of its bishops are known, by their signatures at councils: The ancient bishopric of Stratonicea in Caria is included in the Catholic Church's list of titular sees.

Much of the surrounding area, including part of the site's necropolis, was destroyed by the opening of a pit to extract the lignite reserves that feed the nearby Yatağan power plant.