Its domesday assets were: 2 hides, 1 virgate and 6½ ploughlands of cultivated land and 4 acres (1.6 ha) of meadow and herbage (mixed grass and bracken).

The reputation of the spa, and improved turnpike roads, attracted wealthy City of London merchants and others to build their country residences in Streatham.

Another mineral well was located on the south side of Streatham Common, in an area that now forms part of The Rookery, where it can still be seen and visited within the formal gardens.

[9] In the 1730s, Streatham Park, a Georgian country mansion, was built by the brewer Ralph Thrale on land he bought from the Lord of the Manor - the fourth Duke of Bedford.

[10] Streatham Park was later leased to Prime Minister Lord Shelburne, and was the venue for early negotiations with France that led to the Peace Treaty of 1783.

One large house that survives is Park Hill, on the north side of Streatham Common, rebuilt in the early 19th century for the Leaf family.

At the end of the 19th Century the heart of the old village of Streatham was comprehensively remodelled to the architectural designs of local architect Frederick Wheeler FRIBA.

Between 1884 and 1891 a continuous parade of Queen Anne style four-storey shop houses was constructed, flanking the High Road as it diverges from the line of Mitcham Lane and approaches Streatham station down a hill, known locally as 'The Dip'.

This long run of matching red-brick terraces, topped with varied high 'dutch' gables and chimney stacks and enlivened by decorative plasterwork and multi paned timber sashes above tripartite dormer windows was noted by Pevsner, and has been described as some of Wheeler's best work.

[14] A surviving parade of shops fronting Streatham Green on Mitcham Lane has also been ascribed to Wheeler who contributed a number of other local buildings including the (listed) Methodist church on Riggindale Road, Sussex House on the corner of Tooting Bec Gardens and Ambleside Avenue, and a discreet Electricity substation in the '15th century Gothic style' Beside the English Martyrs Church on Mitcham Lane.

These included long term population movements out to Croydon, Kingston and Sutton; the growth of heavy traffic on the A23 (main road from central London to Gatwick Airport and Brighton); and a lack of redevelopment sites in the town centre.

This includes the smartening up of shop fronts through painting and cleaning, replacing shutters and signage as well as helping to reveal facilities behind the high street such as The Stables Community Centre.

[22] In September 2002, Streatham High Road was voted the "Worst Street in Britain"[23] in a poll organised by the BBC Today programme and CABE.

Plans for investment and regeneration had begun before the poll, with local amenity group the Streatham Society leading a successful partnership bid for funding from central government for environmental improvements.

Work started in winter 2003–04 with the refurbishment of Streatham Green and repaving and relighting of the High Road between St Leonard's Church and the Odeon Cinema.

Streatham Leisure Centre closed in November 2009 due to health and safety concerns when part of the pool hall ceiling collapsed.

[28] On 2 February 2020 at around 14:00 GMT, Sudesh Mamoor Faraz Amman attacked and injured two people using a machete on Streatham High Street in what police declared a terrorist incident.

[31] Streatham High Road also was host to Cat's Whiskers which later became Caesar's nightclub[32] in the early 1990s through to 2005, which closed to become the site of the newly developed block of flats with a Marks and Spencer supermarket and Starbucks.

However, since the 2024 general election, it has been part of the constituency of Streatham and Croydon North, currently represented by environment secretary Steve Reed of the Labour Party.