Student cap

In addition to that, a number of official and personal pins will be added to the calotte, all representing something about its owner examples include: The calotte is awarded after a rite of passage called Corona (from Latin crown, for the shape of the assembly) by numerous student unions called Ordres, Cercles and Régionales to hundreds of students each year.

At the Université Libre de Bruxelles, the student's official nickname is spelled out in brass pins at the back of the rim of the hat.

In Germany, members of student societies wear various forms of caps as part of their attire.

Caps of the same type are known to have been used by German students since the early 18th century, and it is possible that the original impulse came from Germany.

In Denmark, the student caps (studenterhue) are the last remains of the old school uniform of the University of Copenhagen [citation needed].

The student cap is made of linen with a black brim and is supplied with a band and a red and white cockade with a badge.

When this school uniform vanished in the late 19th century, the two caps came to denote two different kinds of studentereksamen: the classical-linguistic exam with the black student’s cap and the white for the modern language and mathematical exams, both with a Bordeaux-coloured band.

It is modelled after the maltese cross of the Order of Dannebrog and thereby symbolizes the tie between the student and the state.

The students that are members of traditional, German-type fraternities and sororities which have couleurs, generally opt to wear caps in the colors of their organizations.

The uninitiated, novice members of fraternities and sororities wear unicolor caps, turquoise in the Estonian Students' Society, black in other corps.

The lining of the engineering caps is dark red, symbolizing the social change brought about by the ever-advancing technology, except in Lappeenranta University of Technology, where Karelian colours, red and black, are used, in University of Oulu, where the student cap has a blue lining, and in the cap of Teknologföreningen, the Swedish-speaking student nation at the Aalto University, with a red-yellow-red lining.

This is done in order to allow students which graduate at secondary level from schools specialising in academic trade- industry- and/or craftmen-programs (iðnskóli).

Norwegian students got their caps on graduation, after throwing away the red russelue, made after a similar principle.

Swedish student caps traditionally come in two main variants, named after the two universities in existence at the time of their original adoption.

The Uppsala cap has a black band, blue and yellow lining, and a somewhat soft crown.

The Lund cap has a dark blue band, red lining, and a stiffer crown.

The Uppsala cap was traditionally worn only in summer, from Walpurgis Night until the end of September.

In Lund, the white cap was also donned at Walpurgis and taken off in the fall, but students could exchange it for a winter variant with a dark blue crown during the rest of the year.

The tasseled cap originated at the Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, where it was first introduced in 1879, and is influenced by the Norwegian student cap, the duskelue, which from 1856 had a tassel; during the period of the Swedish-Norwegian union (until 1905) a large number of Norwegian students studied at Chalmers.

Originally associated with completion of the studentexamen, the entrance examination to the universities, which was at the time of the original adoption of student caps always taken at the universities, the cap followed the studentexamen to the secondary schools when these took over the final examination of their students in 1864.

To some extent this happened later, through the combination of two factors: firstly, the radicalism of the 1960s and 1970s, which influenced many students to stop using their caps (regarded as a sign of belonging to the bourgeoisie) or even burn them publicly.

The large number of new programmes introduced after 1970 also led to a proliferation of new types of student caps, such as the one with a red band (instead of the black or dark blue band of the traditional caps) used by students completing the two-year vocational programmes.

A collection of various models in 1943 (from left to right: Danish, Norwegian and Swedish).
A student from the Catholic University of Leuven wearing a calotte in 1921.
A penne from the Université Libre de Bruxelles
A French student wearing a faluche
The Danish black model, used in the late 19th century
A modern Danish student cap
Studenterhue farm
Estonian students celebrating Estonian Independence Day in 2013.
Estonian students celebrating Estonian Independence Day in 2013.
The most common cockade used in Finnish student caps.
Statue on Hämeensilta bridge, Tampere , wearing an oversized student cap during May Day celebrations.
Gunnar Nordström (on the left) with two other high school graduates wearing students caps in about 1900.
A Finnish student cap, the most common model
The cap of an engineering student at the Tampere University of Technology .
Technology student's cap of a Swedish-speaking student at the Aalto University , the slightly larger cockade is noticeable.
Icelandic student cap from 1991.
Norwegian students wearing their student caps after graduation from Uppsala University in Sweden , 1942.
Zeth Höglund , wearing his student cap, graduating from a Gymnasium in Gothenburg 1902
A large crowd, mostly students in typical Swedish white student caps, participating in the traditional Walpurgis Night celebration with song outside the Castle in Uppsala . The silhouette of the cathedral towers may be seen in the background. To the right are banners and standards of the student nations . Image from c. 1920.
The Lund University Male Voice Choir , wearing white student caps, singing on the stairs of the Lund University main building on the first of May 2005.
Students of Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg , Sweden , riding a penny-farthing and a quadruplet bicycle with student caps, during the Chalmers Cortège of 2006.