The TRIPS Agreement requires that copyright protection extends to databases and other compilations if they constitute intellectual creation by virtue of the selection or arrangement of their contents, even if some or all of the contents do not themselves constitute materials protected by copyright.
An owner has the right to object to the copying of substantial parts of their database, even if data is extracted and reconstructed piecemeal.
Such rights remain in force under regulation 17(2) until the end of the 15th calendar year from the date on which the database was first made available to the public.
A database need not be registered to enjoy legal protection, but the Civil Code of Russia provides for the registration of rights, which is useful if the claims are disputed in court.
[11] Uncreative collections of facts are outside of Congressional authority under the Copyright Clause (Article I, § 8, cl.
Originality is the sine qua non of copyright in the United States (see Feist Publications v. Rural Telephone Service).
[13] The same law also states that this right is contingent upon the database being the result of an intellectual creation, which may be deemed so based on "the selection, organization, or disposition of its content".