Sukumar Sen (16 January 1900 – 3 March 1992) was an Indian linguist and historian of the Bengali literature, who was also well versed in Pāli, Prakrit and Sanskrit.

He became the second Khaira Professor in the Department of Comparative Philology after his mentor, Suniti Kumar Chatterji, in 1954.

After assuming this title, the department attracted many scholars from India and abroad to study and conduct research.

Sen was the first scholar to explore the Old Indo-Aryan syntax in his book, Use of Cases in Vedic Prose (1928), and Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit (1928).

He contributed significantly to Bengali literature, addressing themes ranging from mythology, the Puranas and crime to horror.

His book Bangala Sahitye Gadya (1934) remains the best example of a systematic, stylistic description of the literary dialect of the language.

The Royal Asiatic Society of London honoured him with a Jubilee Gold Medal in 1984,[2][3] making him the first Asian to receive the prize.