Sumoto Castle located on the southeast coast of Awaji Island on a long and narrow ridge of the 130-meter Mount Mikuma.

In the Sengoku period, the island was controlled by the Miyoshi clan, who ruled Sanuki, Awa and Kawachi Provinces.

The island was seized by Hashiba Hideyoshi in 1581 as part of Oda Nobunaga's conquest of western Japan, and assigned his general Sengoku Hidehisa to govern Sumoto.

With the support of Hideyoshi, Wakizaka Yasuharu expanded the castle to protect the seaward approaches to Osaka, the economic center of the Toyotomi government.

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