Suphan Buri (Thai: สุพรรณบุรี, pronounced [sù.pʰān būrīː]) located in the central region of Thailand, is one of the country's 76 provinces (จังหวัด, changwat), the first-level administrative divisions.

[5] Suphan Buri Province has a moderately diverse ethnic population, the majority are of Tai, Mon, Lao, Chinese, and Khmer descent.

[8]: 86 In summer, it is influenced by the Southeast monsoon from the South China Sea through from February to mid-May, causing the weather to be generally hot and humid.

In the era of Angkorian king Jayavarman VII, an inscription called Prasat Phra Khan (จารึกปราสาทพระขรรค์) was made which mentions the name of Suvarnapura.

Suphan Buri people speak in a distinct Central Thai dialect, which is believed to be the form spoken during the Ayutthaya period.

About half of the province's 3,000 rai of cultivated water chestnuts are found in Tambon Wang Yang of Si Prachan.

[13] The provincial seal shows the elephant battle between King Naresuan the Great and the crown prince of Burma in 1592, which took place in Suphan Buri.

As of 26 November 2019 there are:[14] one Suphan Buri Provincial Administration Organisation (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 45 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province.

Route 340 passes through Suphan Buri, leading north to Chai Nat and south to Bang Bua Thong.