The 1992 Constitution states in Article 50(1) that "the Supreme Court shall be the highest judicial organ".

It also hears appeals from the Constitutional Court with respect to the protection of the rule of law and human rights and from the Prosecutor General.

The Court may also provide official interpretations of Mongolian law, except for the Constitution of Mongolia.

Official interpretations are made through a special procedure referred to as a 'sitting en banc'.

The Chief Justice is appointed by the President of Mongolia for a term of six years for one time.