There are seven suburbs within the region: Baskerville, Belhus, Caversham, Henley Brook, Herne Hill, Millendon and West Swan.
The Noongar Aboriginal people of the Wadjuk tribe, who are the traditional landowners of the Swan Valley, lived here before the colonial invasion began.
Stirling was so impressed with the area that he wrote in his diary:[3] ...the richness of the soil, the bright foliage of the shrubs, the majesty of the surrounding trees, the abrupt and red colour banks of the river occasionally seen, and the view of the blue mountains, from which we were not far distant, made the scenery of this spot as beautiful as anything of the kind I have ever witnessed...When Stirling returned to establish the colony in 1829 he created three settlements: Fremantle as the port; Perth as the major commercial and political centre; and Guildford on the southern end of the Swan Valley region.
These include numerous wineries such as the huge complex at what was once known as Houghton, the state's biggest producer, and Sandalford and also many small family-owned concerns.
Grapes, melons, asparagus, stone fruits, citrus and strawberries are grown and sold in the Swan Valley.