The municipalities of Sweden (Swedish: Sveriges kommuner) are its lower-level local government entities.

It also regulates a process (laglighetsprövning, "legality trial") through which any citizen can appeal the decisions of a local government to a county court.

Up until 1930, when the total number of municipalities reached its peak (2,532 entities), there were more partitions than amalgamations.

The Riksdag, however, found the amalgamation process too slow, and decided to speed it up by ending the voluntary aspect.

Most of the municipalities were soon consolidated, but in some cases the antagonism within the new unities was so strong that it led to "divorces".

The practice can, however, create some confusion as the term stad nowadays normally refers to a larger built-up area and not to an administrative entity.

The municipalities in the north cover large areas of sparsely populated land.

Kiruna, at 19,446 km2, is sometimes held to be the world's largest "city" by area, although places like La Tuque, Quebec (28,421 km2, official style Ville), the City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder in Western Australia (95,575.1 km2 and the Altamira in Northern Brazil (159,533 km2) are larger.

At any rate, several northern municipalities are larger than many counties in the more densely populated southern part of the country.

As these were subdivisions of the Church of Sweden, the separation of church and state along with a shift in responsibility for the population registration in Sweden transferring to the Swedish Tax Agency led to a new formal subdivision called district.