The Men's 50 metre backstroke competition at the 2017 Summer Universiade was held on 22 and 23 August 2017.

[1] Prior to the competition, the existing world and Universiade records were as follows.

The heats were held on 22 August at 10:14.

[2] The semifinals were held on 22 August at 20:48.

[3] The final was held on 23 August at 20:40.