The Women's 50 metre breaststroke competition at the 2017 World Championships was held on 29 and 30 July 2017.

[1][2] Prior to the competition, the existing world and championship records were as follows.

The following new records were set during this competition.

[3] The semifinals were held on 29 July at 17:56.

[4] The final was held on 30 July at 17:32.