The Men's 50 metre butterfly competition of the 2024 European Aquatics Championships was held on 17 and 18 June 2024.

[1][2] Prior to the competition, the existing world, European and championship records were as follows.

The heats were started on 17 June at 09:55.Qualification Rules: The 16 fastest from the heats qualify to the semifinals.

[3] The swim-off was held on 17 June at 11:25.Qualification Rules: The best time advance to the semifinals.

[4] The semifinals were started on 17 June at 18:30.Qualification Rules: The first 2 competitors of each semifinal and the remaining fastest (up to a total of 8 qualified competitors) from the semifinals advance to the final.