Sydenham is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa.

It is located in Region E of the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality.

The suburb is surrounded by the area of Orchards, Orange Grove and other smaller suburbs.

The suburb was surveyed for housing in 1905.

[3]: 304  In 1910, Sydenham was still quite rural and on 26 February of that year, the land was used by Frenchman Albert Kimmerling to fly a Voisin biplane a few hundred yards and proved that aircraft could be flown at a high altitude of 2,000 m (6,600 ft).