It is interconnected as a single phase-locked 50 Hz mains frequency electricity grid that supplies over 400 million customers in 32 countries, including most of the European Union.

[6] However, the national grids must also be upgraded to handle increased power flows if the values of a free energy market are to be realised in the EU.

[9] Power exchange and integration gradually increased,[10] and by August 2022, 400–700 MW were sent from Ukraine to Eastern parts of EU.

[5] Alternative formulas for calculating interconnection levels are based on peak load instead of installed capacity.

Similarly, the Nordic regional group of ENTSO-E (former NORDEL), composed of Norway, Sweden, Finland and the eastern part of Denmark (Zealand with islands and Bornholm), is not synchronized with the continental Europe, but has a number of non-synchronous DC connections with the continental Europe grid.