The period of 2004–2012 witnessed waves of mass political actions organized by the opposition movements.
The spectrum of political views of the non-system opposition is extremely broad, and attempts to create "suprapolitical" associations, such as The Other Russia, eventually failed.
[3][4] In 2007, Russian politologist Ivan Bol'shakov argued that the term "non-systemic opposition" reflects neither ideological distance to the ruling party nor non-acceptance of democratic institutions.
They predominantly use unconventional methods of political struggle, have limited resources, and are particularly active on social networks.
Their arguments are: the radicalization of some "systemic opposition", decreased importance of registration during non-election time, alleviation of hurdles for registration due to Dmitry Medvedev's reforms, and efforts of the current establishment to introduce discord into opposition.