Ariceștii Rahtivani is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania.

It is composed of five villages: Ariceștii Rahtivani, Buda, Nedelea, Stoenești, and Târgșoru Nou.

The commune is crossed by national road DN76 [ro], which runs from Ploiești to Târgoviște and on to Găești.

The railway station in Buda village serves the Căile Ferate Române Main Line 300, which connects Bucharest to Brașov and continues to the Hungarian border near Oradea, while the stop in Târgșoru Nou village serves the Transferoviar Călători Line 302 [ro], which runs from Ploiești Sud [ro] to Târgoviște.

Built in 1857 for a monastery, the structure was taken over by the Romanian Army and turned into a military prison, which was also used for common law criminals when the nearby Ploiești Penitentiary was overcrowded.