In its revived form, there exist several modern-day Taíno language variants including Hiwatahia-Taino and Tainonaiki.

The Ciboney dialect is essentially unattested, but colonial sources suggest it was very similar to Classic Taíno, and was spoken in the westernmost areas of Hispaniola, the Bahamas, Jamaica, and most of Cuba.

By the late 15th century, Taíno had displaced earlier languages, except in western Cuba and in pockets in Hispaniola.

Although the language declined drastically due to colonization,[1] it continued to be spoken in isolated pockets in the Caribbean until the 19th century.

Since the 2010s, there have been several publications that attempt to reconstruct modern Taíno lexicons by way of comparative linguistics with other related Arawak languages.

Puerto Rican linguist Javier Hernandez published his Primario Basíco del Taíno-Borikenaíki in 2018 after a 16-year spanning research project with positive reception among the diaspora.

Columbus wrote that "...from Bahama to Cuba, Boriquen to Jamaica, the same language was spoken in various slight dialects, but understood by all.

[9] Recorded conjugated verbs include daka ("I am"), waibá ("we go" or "let us go"), warikẽ ("we see"), kãma ("hear", imperative), ahiyakawo ("speak to us") and makabuka ("it is not important").

English words derived from Taíno include: barbecue, caiman, canoe, cassava, cay, guava, hammock, hurricane, hutia, iguana, macana, maize, manatee, mangrove, maroon, potato, savanna, and tobacco.

[5]: 229 Taíno loanwords in Spanish include: agutí, ají, auyama, batata, cacique, caoba, guanabana, guaraguao, jaiba, loro, maní, maguey (also rendered magüey), múcaro, nigua, querequequé, tiburón, and tuna,[10] as well as the previous English words in their Spanish form: barbacoa, caimán, canoa, casabe,[11] cayo, guayaba, hamaca, huracán, iguana, jutía, macana,[12] maíz, manatí, manglar, cimarrón, patata, sabana, and tabaco.