Table tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro took place from 6 to 17 August 2016 at the third pavilion of Riocentro.

Around 172 table tennis players (equally distributed between men and women) competed in both the singles and team events.

As the host nation, Brazil had automatically qualified six athletes; a team of three men and women with one each competing in the singles.

[3] Forty places were awarded to the table tennis players with a maximum of two per NOC and gender through the following continental qualification tournaments between July 1, 2015 and April 24, 2016: six each from Africa and Latin America, eleven each from Asia and Europe, and three each from North America and Oceania.

One invitational place per gender was allocated by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF).