Originally established in 1923 during Japanese rule in Taiwan, TCB was reorganized in 1946 and has grown significantly since.

In 2009, BNP Paribas announced a joint venture with TCB to sell insurance products in Taiwan.

[2] The following year, BNP announced another joint venture with TCB to set up an asset management operation in Taiwan.

[4] In 2022, the bank opened a Czech office in Prague to tap business opportunities in Central Europe.

Along with Taipower, TCB was one of the two teams in Taiwan's First Division amateur baseball league that were owned by government-sponsored corporations.