The village was founded by a group of people from the Arabian Peninsula seeking to find a safe location in Palestine with a view of other nearby localities.

[2] In 1596 it appeared in the Ottoman tax registers as "Tammun", in the nahiya of Jabal Sami in the liwa of Nablus.

The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33.3% on wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, occasional revenues, goats and beehives; a total of 5,450 akçe.

[9] In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described Tammun as "A good-sized village at the foot of the mountain, with open ground to the north.

[11] This had increased in the 1931 census of Palestine, when Tammun, (including Atuf), had 316 occupied houses and a population of 1,599, again all Muslim.

[18] On January 29, 2025, during Operation Iron Wall at least 10 Palestinians were killed and several others wounded in an Israeli airstrike by the IDF.

[2] According to the 1997 census by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), Tammun had a population of 7,640, of whom 3,771 were males and 3,869 were females.

The Palestinian National Authority, which gained civil control over Tammun in 1995, has provided more job opportunities in the public sector and trade.

In 2006, there were 212 shops, eight restaurants, a wheat mill, a pickle factory and other industries such as cheese and jam production.

Around 10% of Tammun's residents own livestock which consists of 137 herds of cattle, 480 goats, 5,250 sheep, 37,000 poultry and 138 beehives for honey.

[2] Tammun was transferred to the Palestinian National Authority on November 13, 1995, and was originally governed by a village council.

The municipality is in charge of Tammun's administration, planning and development, social services, infrastructural maintenance, utilities, solid waste collection and issuing of building licenses.