Tanzil

[3][4] The Quran itself also calls this a “well-guarded tablet” (lawh mahfuz)[5] a “concealed book” (kitab maknun).

The first descent (or Tanazzul) was to the Luh Al-Mahfuz (Preserved Scripturum) or to 'al-sama’ al-dunya (the ‘lowest heaven’)[7] and happened in some early, unspecified time.

`Abd Allah ibn `Abbas reports that, "… descended in Ramadan, on the Laylat al-Qadr in one lay down (jumlah, Ar.

[21] Abu al-Hassan Ali bin Ahmad al-Wahidi an-Naisaburi (d. 1075), has been called the father of the field of asbab al-nuzul, he argued that understanding the reasons/circumstances for a given revelation was crucial to resolve apparent inconsistencies in the Quran.

[22] According to the scholar al-Suyuti who wrote a book on Asbab al-nuzul, revelations came down for two basic reasons: According to a number of scholars the asbab (occasion) of revelation can only properly be determined through "direct transmission from those who actually witnessed the event of revelation" (Abu al-Hassan Ali bin Ahmad al-Wahidi an-Naisaburi), and cannot be left to independent reasoning (ijtihad), nor legal consensus (ijma‘) (al-Zarkashi).