Tarapacá was a province in Chile, from 1883[1] to 1928.

It was ceded to Chile under the Treaty of Ancón, formerly being part of the Peruvian province of the same name.

The province was created in 1883, having been awarded to Chile under the Treaty of Ancón, along with Tacna.

The original administrative divisions in 1884 were as follows: On December 30, 1927, Tarapacá Department was renamed to Iquique Department , creating the following: After the Treaty of Lima, in 1929, Tacna Province, along with Tacna Department, are dissolved and returned to Peru, with Arica Department going to Tarapacá Province, with a new area of 58.072 km².

En 1974, the Tarapacá Region is created out of the former Tarapacá Province, as well as the Antofagasta Province.