Taro Nakayama (中山 太郎, Nakayama Tarō, August 27, 1924 – March 15, 2023) was a Japanese doctor and politician who served in the House of Councillors and the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature) as a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.

From 1989 to 1990 he served as Minister for Foreign Affairs in Toshiki Kaifu's cabinet (1989–1991).

Nakayama's parents, Fukuzō and Masa, were also politicians and members of the Diet, as are his brother Masaaki and nephew Yasuhide.

[citation needed] Nakayama also made history by hiring the first non-Japanese aide, Timothy Langley, into the Japanese Diet as was showcased on 60 Minutes.

[3] He was a mentor to Nippon Ishin no Kai politician Nobuyuki Baba.