[4] In 1882, SWP suggested that Taybeh might have been ancient Ophrah of Benjamin,[5] and prominent scholars have backed this identification since then.

[9] Israeli archaeologist Hanan Eshel suggests that during the adoption of the Arabic language in the Palestine region, several locations originally called Ofrah underwent a name change to Taybeh in order to avoid mentioning Ifrit, a demon in Islamic mythology.

[6] Vespasian captured the town during his campaign in Judea in the First Jewish–Roman War, in the early summer of 69 CE, subsequently establishing a garrison there.

They noted a rock-cut tomb in the village with multiple kokhim, which they thought was originally Jewish but was later reused by Christians as evidenced by the double Latin cross relief cut above the entrance.

[9] Evidence shows the existence of a Christian community at Taybeh as far back as the ninth century.

In February 1182, Joscelin III gave the castle to king Baldwin IV of Jerusalem along with some other properties in return for the lordship of Mi'ilya.

The village paid taxes on wheat, barley, vines or fruit trees, and goats or beehives; a total of 22,100 akçe.

A central tower stands on the top of the hill; on either side are olive and fig gardens in the low ground.

"[5] Charles de Foucauld (1853–1916), an explorer and French hermit, passed through Taybeh in January 1889 and returned in 1898.

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Taybeh has been under Israeli occupation.In 1986, the Charles de Foucauld Pilgrim Center funded by the French Lieutenancy of the Knights of the Holy Sepulcher opened in the village.

Palestinian policemen arriving from Ramallah were held at an Israeli checkpoint for three hours, and were only allowed to pass after constant calls from the U.S. consulate in Jerusalem.

[45] Since 2005, an Oktoberfest celebration is held in Taybeh, aiming at promoting local Palestinian products and attracting tourism.

According to David Khoury, the brewery sells 6 million liters a year, and exports its products to Japan.

[47] In November 2014, Nadim Khoury, the co-founder of Taybeh Brewing Company has also opened a line of Taybeh wines marketed under the brand name "Nadim" (Arabic for "drinking companion") for a variety of wines, such as Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Syrah.

The Latin parish runs a school, a medical center, a hostel for pilgrims and youth programs.

[49] Construction of a new kindergarten and additional classrooms for Al-Taybeh Greek Orthodox School was completed in 2012 with USAID funding of $750,000.